The Solar Ring knowledge centre
Solar answers, made clear.
A straightforward guide to choosing, installing and getting more from solar for your home or business in India.
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Solar basics
A rooftop solar system uses photovoltaic panels to turn sunlight into electricity for your property. The power is used first by appliances that are running; any surplus can be stored in a battery or exported to the grid, depending on your system and local rules.
For many homes and businesses, yes. India has strong solar resources and daytime electricity use can be offset directly. Your result depends on roof shade, available area, electricity tariff, consumption pattern, financing and the applicable state net-metering policy.
As a practical starting point, allow roughly 80–100 square feet per kW of panel capacity, including working space. The exact requirement varies with panel wattage, roof shape, tilt, obstructions and safety clearances.
The technology
How solar works
Solar cells generate direct-current (DC) electricity when exposed to light. An inverter converts it into alternating-current (AC) electricity that your lights, fans, appliances and equipment can use.
Yes. Panels produce electricity from daylight, not heat, so they continue to work under clouds. Output is lower than in clear sun and changes with weather, which is why systems are designed using annual production estimates rather than a single day’s output.
Panels do not generate at night. A grid-connected home draws power from the grid then; a battery can supply selected loads or more of the home, depending on its size and the system design.
Your investment
Cost, savings & subsidy
The installed price varies by system size, panel and inverter choice, roof complexity, structure, location and whether battery backup is included. A site assessment and electricity-bill review is the best way to receive an accurate, itemised quote.
Savings depend on how much solar energy you use on-site, your tariff and local export-credit rules. Homes with regular daytime consumption generally use more solar directly. We estimate expected generation and savings from your roof and recent bills before installation.
Eligible residential consumers may be able to apply through the PM Surya Ghar: Muft Bijli Yojana, subject to current programme requirements, approved vendors and state implementation. Subsidy levels and process can change, so confirm the latest eligibility and documentation before proceeding. Commercial installations generally follow different rules.
Net metering records the electricity exported from your solar system and the electricity imported from the grid. Credits and settlement are governed by your DISCOM’s current policy. Capacity limits, charges and treatment of unused credit differ by state and connection type.
Planning your project
Roof & installation
Most strong, accessible roofs can work. We look at shading from trees and nearby buildings, orientation, usable area, roof condition, structure, waterproofing and the route for electrical cabling. Flat terraces can often use a raised mounting structure.
A correctly designed and installed mounting system should protect the roof. Installation methods differ for RCC terraces, metal roofs and tiles; waterproofing, drainage and structural suitability should be assessed before work begins.
Physical installation for a typical home can often be completed in a few days once materials and approvals are ready. The full project timeline also includes site survey, design, utility or DISCOM approvals, inspection and meter-related steps, which can take longer.
Standard grid-tied solar systems automatically switch off during a grid outage for utility-worker safety. To keep essential circuits operating during an outage, the system needs appropriately designed backup capability, usually with a hybrid inverter and battery.
Energy independence
Solar batteries
Not necessarily. Grid-connected solar without a battery is often the simplest and most cost-effective choice where the grid is reliable and net metering is available. A battery is valuable when backup during outages, greater self-use of solar or time-based electricity management matters to you.
That depends on the battery’s usable capacity, inverter output and your selected backup loads. A well-designed backup circuit may cover lights, fans, Wi-Fi, refrigerator and other priorities. High-load appliances such as air conditioners, pumps or heaters need specific sizing consideration.
Battery life varies by chemistry, temperature, depth of discharge and how often it cycles. Check the manufacturer’s warranty for both years and guaranteed energy throughput; the right battery should be selected around your actual backup need rather than just the largest capacity.
Long-term performance
Maintenance & support
Modern panels are long-life products and commonly carry a performance warranty of around 25 years or more. Output gradually declines over time rather than stopping suddenly. Inverters and batteries have their own, usually shorter, warranty periods.
Solar has few moving parts, but dust, leaves and bird droppings can reduce production. Clean panels when visibly soiled and follow safe access practices; periodic checks of mounting, cables, earthing and inverter alerts help keep the system healthy.
Most systems include inverter or app-based monitoring. Review generation trends against expected seasonal output—not just one day—and contact your installer if you see sustained alerts, faults or an unexplained production drop.